Fresh fruit associated with lower risk of diabetes and related complications in Chinese adults

People who often eat fresh fruit are at lower risk of developing diabetes and related major vascular complications than people who rarely eat fruit, according to new research published this week in PLOS Medicine.

 

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Smoking associated with higher risk of type 2 diabetes

CKB research published in the Lancet Public Health shows that regular smokers have a 15-30% higher risk of developing diabetes, after taking account of the effects of age, socioeconomic status, alcohol consumption, physical activity and adiposity.

 

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Physical activity associated with lower risk of heart attack and stroke in China

New research published in JAMA Cardiology highlights the health benefits of physical activity including occupation-related activities.

 

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A large genetic study in Chinese adults showed no benefit of raising “good” cholesterol by CETP inhibition

Raising so-called “good” cholesterol by blocking a key protein involved in its metabolism does not protect against heart disease or stroke, according to a large genetic study of 150,000 Chinese adults published this week in JAMA Cardiology.

 

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Household air pollution linked to higher risk of cardiovascular disease

Exposure to household air pollution from using wood or coal for cooking and heating is associated with higher risk of death from heart attack and stroke, according to new CKB research published in JAMA.

 

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Moderate alcohol consumption does not protect against stroke

Blood pressure and stroke risk increase steadily with increasing alcohol intake, and previous claims that 1-2 alcoholic drinks a day might protect against stroke are dismissed by new evidence from a genetic study published by The Lancet involving 160,000 adults from China Kadoorie Biobank,

 

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Air pollution project fieldwork completed

The collection of the sensors from the last participants in Henan on 31 January 2018 marked the completion of the fieldwork of the pilot study funded by the Medical Research Council Global Challenges Research Fund.

 

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Cause-specific mortality and 1st resurvey data now available to all.

The CKB study group is committed to making the data collected/generated on the cohort available to the scientific community in China, the UK and worldwide and actively engages with collaborators on a range of projects. The CKB Data Access System was launched in 2015, from 1st September 2018 a second tranche of data including details of cause specific mortality coded to ICD-10 and 1st resurvey data was made available for researchers worldwide.

 

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CRUK fund project on infections and cancer risks

CKB has been awarded a project grant by the Cancer Research UK to assess and quantify the role of different H. pylori antigens and other infectious pathogens in the risks of cardia and non-cardia gastric cancer and oesophageal cancer subtypes in Chinese adults.

 

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Paper examines metabolic and lifestyle risk factors for pancreatitis

In China, there is limited prospective evidence on risk factors and prognosis for acute pancreatitis. A new paper examines the associations of certain metabolic and lifestyle factors with risk of acute pancreatitis in the China Kadoorie Biobank

 

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China Kadoorie Biobank

Chronic diseases (e.g. heart attack, stroke, diabetes, and cancer) are the leading causes of death and disability in developed and developing countries. Large blood-based prospective cohort studies can provide reliable assessment of the complex interplay of lifestyle, environmental, and genetic susceptibility as causes of chronic disease. Establishing such a study in China is of particular value, given the large size of its population, its increasing burden of chronic diseases, its unique patterns of disease rates and risk exposures, and the limited evidence from previous studies about the causes of many common chronic conditions in this population.

The China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB), known previously as the Kadoorie Study of Chronic Disease in China (KSCDC), is set up to investigate the main genetic and environmental causes of common chronic diseases in the Chinese population. During 2004-8, over 510,000 adults were recruited from 10 geographically defined regions of China, with extensive data collection by questionnaire and physical measurements, and with long-term storage of blood samples for future study. All the participants are now being closely monitored for death and other health-related outcomes through linkage with established registries and health insurance databases in the study areas. Every few years, periodic re-surveys are also to be conducted in about 25,000 surviving participants, with a repeat interview, measurements and blood collection (as in the baseline survey) to help assess changes of risk exposures in the study population. This large, well-established, study will be a uniquely powerful and rich resource for investigating the main causes of many common chronic diseases over the next few decades, and the information generated will advance our understanding of disease aetiology not only in China but also in other countries.

The CKB is being conducted jointly by University of Oxford’s Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU) and the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS). It was established with funding support to CTSU from the Kadoorie Charitable Foundation (KCF) in Hong Kong. The long-term continuation of the study is supported by the Wellcome Trust, with further support in China from the Chinese Natural Science Foundation and Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology. The UK Medical Research Council (MRC), British Heart Foundation (BHF) and Cancer Research UK (CRUK) also provide core funding to CTSU for the project.